Managed Care

umbrella term covering variety of techniques of reducing costs while improving quality: economic incentives for physicians and patients to select less costly forms of care; programs for reviewing the medical necessity of specific services; increased beneficiary cost sharing; controls on inpatient admissions and lengths of stay; the establishment of cost-sharing incentives for outpatient surgery; selective contracting with health care providers; and the intensive management of high-cost health care cases. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managed_care

associated mainly with HMO/PPO systems

see also value-based care/programs/reimbursement, esp in Medicare https://www.cms.gov/medicare/quality/value-based-programs